UTILIZATION OF ANTIBIOTICS IN AQUACULTURE; PRESENT STATUS AND FUTURE ALTERNATIVES IN THE POST COVID-19 PANDEMIC ERA A REVIEW
Main Article Content
Abstract
Aquaculture is one of the fast-expanding animal production sectors. Due to over exploitation of catch fisheries in Nigeria, aquaculture development is the only method to ensure sustainable fisheries in the post-covid-19 pandemic era. As aquaculture become intensive, fish disease outbreaks have increased. Antibiotics are frequently used by fish producers to maintain fish health. Antimicrobial resistance bacteria, reduced productivity, and environmental problem, as well as the destruction of important microbial flora in the fish digestive tracts, all threaten the successful use of antibiotics (antimicrobial) in aquaculture. Aeromonas hydrophila, A. salmonicida, Yersinia ruckeri, Edwardsiella tarda, and other bacteria have shown resistance to most antibiotics. Antibiotic residues in fish also constitute a concern to human health, producing allergic reactions, toxicity, changes in gut flora, among others which may compromise the immune system in the post-covid-19 era. Antibiotics used in modern aquaculture are gradually being replaced with eco-friendly alternatives such as probiotics-biotechnology, essential oils, Phyto-biotics, immunostimulants, bacteriophage-therapy, and so on. All of these alternatives can be used as prophylactic fish disease management while enhancing the nonspecific immune system of fish for disease treatment and prevention without harming the environment but with positive public health impacts in the post-covid-19 pandemic era.
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Edeh, I. C., & Nsofor, C. I. (2023). UTILIZATION OF ANTIBIOTICS IN AQUACULTURE; PRESENT STATUS AND FUTURE ALTERNATIVES IN THE POST COVID-19 PANDEMIC ERA . The Bioscientist Journal, 11(1), 57-70. Retrieved from https://bioscientistjournal.com/index.php/The_Bioscientist/article/view/139
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References
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Dawood, M. A. O., El Basuini, M. F., Yilmaz, S., Abdel-Latif, H. M. R., Alagawany, M., Kari, Z. A., Abdul Razab, M. K. A., Hamid, N. K. A., Moonmanee, T. and Van Doan, H. (2022). Exploring the roles of dietary herbal essential oils in aquaculture: a review. Animals, 12:23.
Erazo-Pagador G. and Din SM. (2001). Rapid wound healing in african catfish, Clarias gariepinus, fed diets supplemented with ascorbic acid. Isreali Journal of Aquaculture Bamdgeh, 53(2):69-79.
Fair, R. J. and Tor, Y. (2014). Antibiotics and bacterial resistance in the 21st century. Perspectives in medicinal chemistry, 6: 25–64.
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Hasan, K. N., Banerjee, G. (2020). Recent studies on probiotics as a beneficial mediator in aquaculture: a review. The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology,81: 53.
Heuer, O. E., Kruse, H., Grave, K., Collignon, P., Karunasagar, I. and Angulo, F. J. (2009) Human health consequences of use of antimicrobial agents in aquaculture, Clinical Infectious Diseases, 49(8): 1248–1253.
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Ibrahim, S. A., Ayivi, R. D., Zimmerman, T., Siddiqui, S. A., Altemimi, A.B.; Fidan, H., Esatbeyoglu, T. and Bakhshayesh, R.V. (2021). Lactic acid bacteria as antimicrobial agents: food safety and microbial food spoilage prevention. Foods,10: 3131.
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López-Nadal, A, Ikeda-Ohtsubo W., Sipkema, D., Peggs D, McGurk, C., Forlenza, M., Wiegertjes, G. F. and Brugman, S. (2020). Feed, microbiota, and gut immunity: using the zebrafish model to understand fish health. Frontiers in Immunology, 11:114.
Love, D., R., Neff, S. and Nachman, R K. (2011). Veterinary Drug Residues in Seafood Inspected by the European Union, United States, Canada, and Japan from 2000 to 2009. Environmental science & technology. 45:7232-40.
Mamfe, L. M., Chinedu, A., Akwuobu, E. and Ngbede, O. (2021). Phenotypic detection, antimicrobial susceptibility, and virulence profile of staphylococci in the pig production setting, Makurdi, Nigeria. Access Microbiology, 3:12.
Manyi-Loh, C., Mamphweli, S., Meyer, E. and Okoh, A. (2018). Antibiotic use in agriculture and its consequential resistance in environmental sources: potential public health implications. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 23(4): 795.
Maqsood, S., Singh, P., Samoon, M. H. and Munir, K. (2011). Emerging role of immunostimulants in combating the disease outbreak in aquaculture. International Aquatic Research, 3: 147-163.
Markowiak, P. and Śliżewska, K. (2017). Effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on human health. Nutrients, 9(9): 1021.
Maulu, S., Hasimuna, O. J., Haambiya, L. H., Monde, C., Musuka, C. G., Makorwa, T. H., Munganga, B. P., Phiri, K. J. and Nsekanabo, J. D. (2021). Climate change effects on aquaculture production: sustainability implications, mitigation, and adaptations. Frontiers in Sustainable Food System, 5: 609097.
Miranda, C. D., Godoy, F. A. and Lee, M. R. (2018) Current status of the use of antibiotics and the antimicrobial resistance in the chilean salmon farms. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9:1284.
Molina-Mora, J. A., and García, F. (2021). molecular determinants of antibiotic resistance in the costa rican Pseudomonas eruginosa AG1 by a multi-omics approach: a review of 10 years of study. Phenomics, 1(3): 129–142.
Morwal, S. and Sharma, S. K. (2017). Bacterial zoonosis - a public health importance.Journal of Dairy Veterinary and Animal Research, 5(2): 56-59.
Nayak, Sukanta. (2010). Role of gastrointestinal microbiota in fish. Aquaculture Research, 41: 1553– 1573
Naylor, R.L., Hardy, R.W., Buschmann, A.H. et al. (2021). A 20-year retrospective review of global aquaculture. Nature, 591: 551–563.
Nicolussi, G., Fabrello, J., Asnicar, D., Ciscato, M., Matozzo, V. and Marin, M. G. (2022). Effects of three widely used antibiotics and their mixture on the haemocytes of the clam Ruditapesphilippinarum. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10.
Nwogu, N., Dayo, E. and Eghomwanre, A. (2011). Application of probiotics in nigeria aquaculture: current status, challenges, and prospects. International Research Journal of Microbiology, 2: 215-219.
Okocha, R.C., Olatoye, I.O. and Adedeji, O.B. (2018). Food safety impacts of antimicrobial use and their residues in Aquaculture. Public Health Rev, 39: 21.
Payne, C. J., Turnbull, J. F., MacKenzie, S. and Crumlish, M. (2021). Investigating the effect of an oxytetracycline treatment on the gut microbiome and antimicrobial resistance gene dynamics in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 10(10): 1213.
Rafieepour, A., Hajirezaee, S., Rahimi, R. (2019). Dietary oregano extract (origanum vulgare l.) enhances the antioxidant defence in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss against toxicity induced by organophosphorus pesticide, diazinon. Toxin Reviews,39: 397–407.
Reddy, D. N. (2019). Essential oils extracted from medicinal plants and their applications. (in) natural bio-active compounds (pp.237-283)
Ringoe, E., Zhou, J., González, V. J., Wadsworth, S., Romero, J., Krogdahl, A., Olsen, R., Dimitroglou, A., Foey, A., Davies, S., Owen, M., Lauzon, H., Martinsen, L., De Schryver, P., Bossier, P., Sperstad, S.and Merrifield, D. (2015). Effect of dietary components on the gut microbiota of aquatic animals. a never-ending story? Aquaculture Nutrition. 22: 12346.
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Shahid, A., Akhtar A. M., Muzammil, S., Aslam, B., Shahid, M., Saqalein, M., Akash, M.S.H., Almatroudi, A., Allemailem, K. and Khurshid, M (2021). Antibiotic residues in food chains; impact on the environment and human health: a review. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 19(5): 3959-3977.
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Soroush G, Sahar G, Farhoudi M., and Reza H. (2011). Effects of addition of s. cerevisiae and b. subtilisin diet on selected haematological and biochemical parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences, 3(1): 96-99.
Spellberg, B., Bartlett, J., Wunderink, R. and Gilbert, D. N. (2015). Novel approaches are needed to develop tomorrow's antibacterial therapies. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 191(2): 135–140.
Stratakos, A. and Koidis, T. (2016). Methods for extracting essential oils. (in)essential oils in food preservation, Flavor and Safety (pp.31-38).
Subedi, B. and Shrestha, A. (2020). A review: application of probiotics in aquaculture.International Journal of Forest, Animal and Fisheries Research, 4(5): 52-60
Wamala, S. P., Mugimba, K. K., Mutoloki, S. et al. (2018). Occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria isolated from Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) and Clarias gariepinus (African catfish) in Uganda. Fish and Aquatic Science, 21:6
Wang, R., Lin, X., Zha, G., Wang, J., Huang, W., Wang, J., Hou, Y., Mou, H., Zhang, T., Zhu, H. and Wang, J. (2022). Mechanism of enrofloxacin-induced multidrug resistance in the pathogenic Vibrio harveyi from diseased abalones. Science of The Total Environment, 830: 154738.
Wiest, D. B., Cochran, J. B. and Tecklenburg, F. W. (2012). Chloramphenicol toxicity revisited: a 12-year-old patient with a brain abscess. The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 17(2):182–188.
Wise, A. L., LaFrentz, B. R., Kelly, A. M., Khoo, L. H., Xu, T., Liles, M. R. and Bruce, T. J. A. (2021). Review of Bacterial co-infections in farmed catfish: components, diagnostics, and
treatment directions. Animals, 11: 3240.
Zago, V., Veschetti, L., Patuzzo, C., Malerba, G. and Lleo, M. M. (2020). Resistome, mobilome and virulome analysis of Shewanella algae and Vibrio spp. strains isolated in italian aquaculture centers. Microorganisms, 8(4): 572.
Akanmu, O.A. (2018). Probiotics, an alternative measure to chemotherapy in fish production. In (Ed.), IntechOpen72923.
Akanmu, O., Emikpe, B., Omitoyin, B., Ajani, E. and Alao, Solomon. (2016). Evaluation of the wound healing potential of the diets fortified with lactobacillus fermentum, saccharomyces cerevisiae and their combination in heterobranchus bidorsalis juveniles. Zoology and Ecology, 26:323-330.
American Chemical Society International Historic Chemical Landmarks (1999). discovery and development of penicillin. http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/flemingpenicillin.html (accessed March, 31st 2022).
Azman, A.S., Othman, I., Fang, C.-M., Chan, K.-G., Goh, B.-H., and Lee, L.H. (2017). Antibacterial, anticancer, and neuroprotective activities of rare actinobacteria from mangrove forest soils. Indian Journal of Microbiology,57: 177–187.
Cencic A., Chingwaru W. (2010). The role of functional foods, nutraceuticals, and food supplements in intestinal health.Nutrients,2:611–625.
Dawood, M. A. O., El Basuini, M. F., Yilmaz, S., Abdel-Latif, H. M. R., Alagawany, M., Kari, Z. A., Abdul Razab, M. K. A., Hamid, N. K. A., Moonmanee, T. and Van Doan, H. (2022). Exploring the roles of dietary herbal essential oils in aquaculture: a review. Animals, 12:23.
Erazo-Pagador G. and Din SM. (2001). Rapid wound healing in african catfish, Clarias gariepinus, fed diets supplemented with ascorbic acid. Isreali Journal of Aquaculture Bamdgeh, 53(2):69-79.
Fair, R. J. and Tor, Y. (2014). Antibiotics and bacterial resistance in the 21st century. Perspectives in medicinal chemistry, 6: 25–64.
FAO. 2020. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020. Sustainability in action. Rome.
Ferreira, M. A. P., Da Silva Nascimento, L., Coelho Dias, D., da Veiga Moreira, D.M., Lúcia Salaro, A., Duca de Freitas, M. B., Souza Carneiro, A. P. and Sampaio Zuanon, J. A. (2014). Essential oregano oil as a growth promoter for the yellowtail tetra, Astyanax altiparanae Journal of World Aquaculture Society, 45: 28–34.
Hasan, K. N., Banerjee, G. (2020). Recent studies on probiotics as a beneficial mediator in aquaculture: a review. The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology,81: 53.
Heuer, O. E., Kruse, H., Grave, K., Collignon, P., Karunasagar, I. and Angulo, F. J. (2009) Human health consequences of use of antimicrobial agents in aquaculture, Clinical Infectious Diseases, 49(8): 1248–1253.
Hill C (2019) Bacteriophages: Viruses that infect bacteria. Frontier Young Minds, 7:146.
Ibrahim, S. A., Ayivi, R. D., Zimmerman, T., Siddiqui, S. A., Altemimi, A.B.; Fidan, H., Esatbeyoglu, T. and Bakhshayesh, R.V. (2021). Lactic acid bacteria as antimicrobial agents: food safety and microbial food spoilage prevention. Foods,10: 3131.
Knight, G. M., Glover, R. E., McQuaid, C. F., Olaru, I. D., Gallandat, K., Leclerc, Q. J., Fuller, N. M., Willcocks, S. J., Hasan, R., van Kleef, E. and Chandler, C. I. (2021). Antimicrobial resistance and covid-19: intersections and implications. ELife, 10: e64139.
Kumar, V., Shivu, M. M., Umesha, K. R. Rajeeva, B. C., Krohne, G., Karunasagar, I. and karunasagar, i. (2006). isolation of vibrio harveyi bacteriophages with a potential for biocontrol of this pathogen in hatchery environments. Aquaculture, 255: 117-124.
Ladan, A. A., Okolocha, E. C., Chukwudi, K. J., Bolorunduro, P., Ibukun-Olu, and Barde, I. (2021). Assessment of antimicrobial drugs use and their residue in the farmed fish of kaduna, nigeria. Global Journal of Health Science, 3(3) 15-26.
López-Nadal, A, Ikeda-Ohtsubo W., Sipkema, D., Peggs D, McGurk, C., Forlenza, M., Wiegertjes, G. F. and Brugman, S. (2020). Feed, microbiota, and gut immunity: using the zebrafish model to understand fish health. Frontiers in Immunology, 11:114.
Love, D., R., Neff, S. and Nachman, R K. (2011). Veterinary Drug Residues in Seafood Inspected by the European Union, United States, Canada, and Japan from 2000 to 2009. Environmental science & technology. 45:7232-40.
Mamfe, L. M., Chinedu, A., Akwuobu, E. and Ngbede, O. (2021). Phenotypic detection, antimicrobial susceptibility, and virulence profile of staphylococci in the pig production setting, Makurdi, Nigeria. Access Microbiology, 3:12.
Manyi-Loh, C., Mamphweli, S., Meyer, E. and Okoh, A. (2018). Antibiotic use in agriculture and its consequential resistance in environmental sources: potential public health implications. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 23(4): 795.
Maqsood, S., Singh, P., Samoon, M. H. and Munir, K. (2011). Emerging role of immunostimulants in combating the disease outbreak in aquaculture. International Aquatic Research, 3: 147-163.
Markowiak, P. and Śliżewska, K. (2017). Effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on human health. Nutrients, 9(9): 1021.
Maulu, S., Hasimuna, O. J., Haambiya, L. H., Monde, C., Musuka, C. G., Makorwa, T. H., Munganga, B. P., Phiri, K. J. and Nsekanabo, J. D. (2021). Climate change effects on aquaculture production: sustainability implications, mitigation, and adaptations. Frontiers in Sustainable Food System, 5: 609097.
Miranda, C. D., Godoy, F. A. and Lee, M. R. (2018) Current status of the use of antibiotics and the antimicrobial resistance in the chilean salmon farms. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9:1284.
Molina-Mora, J. A., and García, F. (2021). molecular determinants of antibiotic resistance in the costa rican Pseudomonas eruginosa AG1 by a multi-omics approach: a review of 10 years of study. Phenomics, 1(3): 129–142.
Morwal, S. and Sharma, S. K. (2017). Bacterial zoonosis - a public health importance.Journal of Dairy Veterinary and Animal Research, 5(2): 56-59.
Nayak, Sukanta. (2010). Role of gastrointestinal microbiota in fish. Aquaculture Research, 41: 1553– 1573
Naylor, R.L., Hardy, R.W., Buschmann, A.H. et al. (2021). A 20-year retrospective review of global aquaculture. Nature, 591: 551–563.
Nicolussi, G., Fabrello, J., Asnicar, D., Ciscato, M., Matozzo, V. and Marin, M. G. (2022). Effects of three widely used antibiotics and their mixture on the haemocytes of the clam Ruditapesphilippinarum. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10.
Nwogu, N., Dayo, E. and Eghomwanre, A. (2011). Application of probiotics in nigeria aquaculture: current status, challenges, and prospects. International Research Journal of Microbiology, 2: 215-219.
Okocha, R.C., Olatoye, I.O. and Adedeji, O.B. (2018). Food safety impacts of antimicrobial use and their residues in Aquaculture. Public Health Rev, 39: 21.
Payne, C. J., Turnbull, J. F., MacKenzie, S. and Crumlish, M. (2021). Investigating the effect of an oxytetracycline treatment on the gut microbiome and antimicrobial resistance gene dynamics in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 10(10): 1213.
Rafieepour, A., Hajirezaee, S., Rahimi, R. (2019). Dietary oregano extract (origanum vulgare l.) enhances the antioxidant defence in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss against toxicity induced by organophosphorus pesticide, diazinon. Toxin Reviews,39: 397–407.
Reddy, D. N. (2019). Essential oils extracted from medicinal plants and their applications. (in) natural bio-active compounds (pp.237-283)
Ringoe, E., Zhou, J., González, V. J., Wadsworth, S., Romero, J., Krogdahl, A., Olsen, R., Dimitroglou, A., Foey, A., Davies, S., Owen, M., Lauzon, H., Martinsen, L., De Schryver, P., Bossier, P., Sperstad, S.and Merrifield, D. (2015). Effect of dietary components on the gut microbiota of aquatic animals. a never-ending story? Aquaculture Nutrition. 22: 12346.
Schar, D., Klein, E.Y., Laxminarayan, R. et al. (2020). Global trends in antimicrobial use in aquaculture. Sci Rep, 10:21878
Shahid, A., Akhtar A. M., Muzammil, S., Aslam, B., Shahid, M., Saqalein, M., Akash, M.S.H., Almatroudi, A., Allemailem, K. and Khurshid, M (2021). Antibiotic residues in food chains; impact on the environment and human health: a review. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 19(5): 3959-3977.
Sönmez, A.Y., Bilen, S., Albayrak, M., Yılmaz, S., Biswas, G., Hisar, O. and Yanık, T. (2015). Effect of dietary supplementation of herbal oils containing 1, 8-cineole, carvacrol or pulegone on growth performance, survival, fatty acid composition, and liver and kidney histology of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) fingerlings. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 15: 813–819.
Soroush G, Sahar G, Farhoudi M., and Reza H. (2011). Effects of addition of s. cerevisiae and b. subtilisin diet on selected haematological and biochemical parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences, 3(1): 96-99.
Spellberg, B., Bartlett, J., Wunderink, R. and Gilbert, D. N. (2015). Novel approaches are needed to develop tomorrow's antibacterial therapies. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 191(2): 135–140.
Stratakos, A. and Koidis, T. (2016). Methods for extracting essential oils. (in)essential oils in food preservation, Flavor and Safety (pp.31-38).
Subedi, B. and Shrestha, A. (2020). A review: application of probiotics in aquaculture.International Journal of Forest, Animal and Fisheries Research, 4(5): 52-60
Wamala, S. P., Mugimba, K. K., Mutoloki, S. et al. (2018). Occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility of fish bacteria isolated from Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) and Clarias gariepinus (African catfish) in Uganda. Fish and Aquatic Science, 21:6
Wang, R., Lin, X., Zha, G., Wang, J., Huang, W., Wang, J., Hou, Y., Mou, H., Zhang, T., Zhu, H. and Wang, J. (2022). Mechanism of enrofloxacin-induced multidrug resistance in the pathogenic Vibrio harveyi from diseased abalones. Science of The Total Environment, 830: 154738.
Wiest, D. B., Cochran, J. B. and Tecklenburg, F. W. (2012). Chloramphenicol toxicity revisited: a 12-year-old patient with a brain abscess. The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 17(2):182–188.
Wise, A. L., LaFrentz, B. R., Kelly, A. M., Khoo, L. H., Xu, T., Liles, M. R. and Bruce, T. J. A. (2021). Review of Bacterial co-infections in farmed catfish: components, diagnostics, and
treatment directions. Animals, 11: 3240.
Zago, V., Veschetti, L., Patuzzo, C., Malerba, G. and Lleo, M. M. (2020). Resistome, mobilome and virulome analysis of Shewanella algae and Vibrio spp. strains isolated in italian aquaculture centers. Microorganisms, 8(4): 572.