Effects of Pseudomonas syringae Infection on the Stomatal Anatomy and Leaf Morphology in Lycopersicon esculentum
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Abstract
In pathogenesis, pathogenic penetration is one of the basic steps in disease development. For
foliar bacterial plant pathogens, natural surface openings, such as stomata, and wounds are
important entry sites. These surface openings have been considered passive points of entry for
plant pathogenic bacteria. Lycopersicon esculentum was inoculated with Pseudomonas syringae
to induce a diseased condition. Subsequently leaf anatomical studies were carried out to observe
the penetration ports of the bacterium. Rupture of guard cells, reduced in size of stomata and
occurrence of small dark microscopic spots on the stomata are features which serve as an
indication of pathogenic penetration. Also morphological growth parameters assessed revealed
significant reduction in plant height, leaf length, leaf area and leaf weight in the test plant
compared with the control. However, no significant differences were observed in terms of
number of leaf and width of the leaf. The results suggest that disruption of stomatal anatomy by
the bacterium will translates to low yield and accumulation of impurities such as carbondioxide
from the atmosphere.
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