MANGANESE PEROXIDASE (MnP) ACTIVITY OF SOME NIGERIAN EDIBLE MUSHROOMS
Main Article Content
Abstract
Mushrooms are able to secrete manganese peroxidase (MnP), an important ligninolytic enzyme involved in degrading the highly abundant, complex and recalcitrant polymer, lignin. Ligninolytic enzymes produced by these mushrooms are essential for lignocellulosic waste degradation and detoxification in the environment. Few species especially from Nigeria have been screened for ligninolytic enzymes. Six species of the Nigerian edible mushroom were screened for manganese peroxidase (MnP) activity. Three different media, namely, Nutrient broth medium, minimal salt broth (MSB), medium supplemented with 10% crude oil and MSB medium supplemented with 1% glucose were used for this purpose. The specific activities of the enzymes were determined spectrophotometrically. The growth rate on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA), minimal salt agar (MSA) supplemented with starch and MSA supplemented with cellulose were studied. Sensitivity of the isolates to streptomycin and erythromycin was also evaluated. Enzymatic activities were observed in all the isolates, namely, Clitocybe gibba, Gerronema chrysophyllum, Pleurotus porrigens, Clitocybe familia, Auricularia auricular and Lepiota procera. The highest MnP activity was observed in nutrient broth with the best being from Pleurotus porrigens (25.81U/ml) and the least from Lepiota procera (16.55U/ml). While P. porrigens and G. chrysophyllum fully colonized SDA plates, MSA + starch, MSA + cellulose on the third, fourth and fifth day respectively, L. procera grew at a much slower rate. All isolates tested were resistant to the antibiotics. This screening should be extended to more species and enzymes of species presenting best activities characterized for their potential application in various biotechnological fields such as bioremediation. Research towards the development of grain spawns should be encouraged for commercialization purposes.
Article Details
How to Cite
Ezeh, O. J., Anakwenze, V. N., & Ogbo, F. C. (2019). MANGANESE PEROXIDASE (MnP) ACTIVITY OF SOME NIGERIAN EDIBLE MUSHROOMS. The Bioscientist Journal, 7(1), 28-43. Retrieved from https://bioscientistjournal.com/index.php/The_Bioscientist/article/view/94
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Adekunle, A.A. and Adebamdo, O.A. (2007). Petroleum hydrocarbon utilization by fungi isolated from Detariumsenegalense(J.F.Gmelin) seeds. Journal of American Science, 3(1):69-76
Anastasi, A., Vizzini, A., Prigione, V. and Varese, G.C. (2009) Wood degrading fungi: morphology, metabolism and environmental applications. In: Varma A, Chauhan AK (eds) A textbook of molecular biotechnology. I.K. International, New Delhi, pp 957–993
Antonín, V.,Ryoo, R. and Shin, H. (2008). Gerronemanemorale (Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes): anatomic-morphological, cultivational, enzymatic and molecular characteristics and its first records in the Republic of Korea. Czech Mycology, 60(2): 197–212
Asamudo, N.U., Daba, A.S. and Ezeronye, O.U. (2005). Bioremediation of textile effluent using Phanerochaetechrysosporium. African Journal of Biotechnology, 4(13):1548-1553
Boer, C. G., Obici, L., de Souza, C. G. M. and Peralta, R. M. (2004). Decolorization of synthetic dyes by solid state cultures of Lentinula (Lentinus) edodes producing manganese peroxidase as the main ligninolytic enzyme. Bioresource Technology, 94(2):107-112.
Chandra, R. and Chowdhary, P. (2015). Properties of bacterial laccases and their application in bioremediation of industrial wastes. Environmental Science Processes and Impacts, 17:326-342
Christian, V. V., Shrivastava, R., Novotný, C., and Vyas, B. R. M. (2003). Decolorization of sulfonphthalein dyes by manganese peroxidase activity of the white-rot fungus Phanerochaetechrysosporium. Folia Microbiologica, 48(6):771-774.
Dashtban, M., Schraft, H., Syed, T., A., and Qin, W. (2010). Fungal biodegradation and enzymatic modification of lignin. International Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1(1):36-50.
de la Rubia, T., Ruiz, E., Pérez, J., and Martínez, J. (2002). Properties of a laccase produced by Phanerochaeteflavido-alba induced by vanillin. Archives of Microbiology,179:70-73.
dos Santos Bazanella, G. C., de Souza, D. F., Castoldi, R., Oliveira, R. F., Bracht, A., and Peralta, R. M. (2013).Production of laccase and manganese peroxidase by Pleurotuspulmonarius in solid-state cultures and application in dye decolorization. Folia Microbiologica. 58(6), 641-647.
Eichlerová, I., Homolka, L., Lisá, L., and Nerud, F. (2005). Orange G and Remazol brilliant blue R decolorization by white rot fungi Dichomitussqualens, Ischnodermaresinosum and Pleurotuscalyptratus. Chemosphere, 60(3):398-404.
Fen, L., Xuwei, Z.,Nanyi, L.,Puyu, Z., Shuang, Z.,Xue, Z., Pengju, L., Qichao, Z., and Haiping, L. (2014) Screening of lignocellulose-degrading superior mushroom strains and determination of their CMCase and laccase activity, The Scientific World Journal, 2014:1-6
Glenn, J. K. and Gold, M. H. (1985). Purification and characterization of an extracellular Mn(II)-dependent peroxidase from the lignin-degrading basidiomycete, Phanerochaetechrysosporium.Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 242(2), 329-341.
Harazono, K., Watanabe, Y., and Nakamura, K. (2003). Decolorization of azo dye by the white-rot basidiomycete Phanerochaetesordida and by its manganese peroxidase. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 95(5), 455-495.
Hildén, K., Bortfeldt, R., Hofrichter, M., Hatakka, A., and Lundell, T. (2008). Molecular characterization of the basidiomycete isolate Nematolomafrowardii b19 and its manganese peroxidase places the fungus in the corticioid genus Phlebia. Microbiology,154:2371-2379.
Hoshino, F., Kajino, T., Sugiyama, H., Asami, O., and Takahashi, H. (2002). Thermally stable and hydrogen peroxide tolerant manganese peroxidase (MnP) from Lenzitesbetulinus. FEBS Letters, 530(1-3), 249-252.
Jayasekara, S.K., Kathirgamanathan, M and Ratnayake R.R. (2019). Isolation, identification and studying the potential application of tropical fungi in lignocellulolysis. In Research advances in the fungal world: Culture, isolation, identification, classification, characterization, properties and kinetics. Chaurasia, P.K. and Bharati, S.L. Nova Science Publisher, Inc, New York. Pp74
Kim, Y.K., Xiao, C.L. and Rogers, J.D. (2005). Influence of culture media and environmental factors on mycelial growth and pycnidial production of Sphaeropsispyriputrescens. Mycologia, 97(1):25-32
Lang, E., Nerud, F.andZadrazil, F. (1998). Production of ligninolytic enzymes by Pleurotus sp. and Dichomitussqualens in soil and lignocellulose substrate as influenced by soil microorganisms. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 167:239-244
Lankinen, P. V., Bonnen, A. M., Anton, L. H., Wood, D. A., Kalkkinen, N., Hatakka, A., and Thurston, C. F.(2001). Characteristics and N-terminal amino acid sequence of manganese peroxidase from solid substrate cultures of Agaricusbisporus, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 55(2):170-176.
Lisov, A. V., Leontievsky, A. A., and Golovleva, L. A. (2003). Hybrid Mn-peroxidase from the ligninolytic fungus Panustigrinus 8/18. Isolation, substrate specificity, and catalytic cycle. Biochemistry (Moscow), 68(9):1027-1035.
Magaldi, S., Mata-Essayag, S, Hartung, D.C., Perez, C, Colella, M.T., Carolina, O amdYudith, O. (2004). Well diffusion for antifungal susceptibility testing. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 8:39-45
Mester, T. and Field, J. A. (1997). Optimization of manganese peroxidase production by the white rot fungus Bjerkandera sp. strain BOS55. FEMS Microbiology Letters,155(2):161-168.
Novotný, C., Svobodová, K., Erbanová, P., Cajthaml, T., Kasinath, A., Lang, E., and Šašek, V. (2004). Lignolytic fungi in bioremediation: Extracellular enzyme production and degradation rate. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 36(10):1545-1551.
Okhuoya, J., Akpaja, E., Osemwegie, O.,Oghenekaro, A. and Ihayere, C. (2010). Nigerian mushrooms: Underutilized non-wood forest resources. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 14(1):43-54
Onyango, B.O., Palapala, V.A., Arama, P.F., Wagai, S.O., and Gichimu, B. M. (2011). Morphological characyersitics of Kenyan native wood ear mushroom (Auricularia auricula L.ex Hook) and the effect of supplemented millet and sorghum grains in spawn production. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America. 2(3):407-414
Palma, C., Martínez, A. T., Lema, J. M., and Martínez, M. J. (2000). Different fungal manganese-oxidizing peroxidases: A comparison between Bjerkandera sp. and Phanerochaetechrysosporium.Journal of Biotechnology, 77(2-3), 235-245.
Patricia, L.O., Marta, C.T.D., Alexandre, N.P and Lucia, R.D. (2009). Purification and partial characterization of manganese peroxidase from Bacillus pumilusand Paenibacillus. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 40:4
Petre, C.V.,Balaes, T., and Tanase,C. (2014).Lignicolous basidiomycetes as valuable biotechnologicalagents. Memoirs of the Scientific Sections of the Romanian Academy, 37: 37–62.
Placido,J. and Capareda,S. (2015). Ligninolytic enzymes: a biotechnological alternative for bioethanol production, Bioresources and Bioprocessing, 2:1–12.
Shin, K.S., Kim, Y.H., and Lim, J.S. (2005). Purification and characterization of manganese peroxidase of the white-rot fungus Irpexlacteus. Journal of Microbiology, 43:503–509.
Singh, D., Zeng, J. and Chen, S. (2011). Increasing manganese peroxidase productivity of Phanerochaetechrysosporium by optimizing carbon sources and supplementing small molecules. Letters in Applied Microbiology,53:120–123.
Tibukha, D.D. (2012) Termitomyces species from Tanzania, their cultural properties and unequalledBasidiospores, Journal of Biology and Life Science., 3(1):140–159.
Van Aken, B., and Agathos, S. (2002). Implication of manganese (III), oxalate, and oxygen in the degradation of nitroaromatic compounds by manganese peroxidase (MnP). Applied. Microbiology and Biotechnology, 58(3):345-351.
Vasina, D. V., Moiseenko, K. V., Fedorova, T. V., and Tyazhelova, T. V. (2017). Lignin-degrading peroxidases in white-rot fungus Trameteshirsuta 072. Absolute expression quantification of full multigene family. PLoS ONE 12(3).
Wang, X., Yao, B., and Su, X. (2018). Linking enzymatic oxidative degradation of lignin to organics detoxification. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(11), 3373-3389.
Xu, J. Z., Zhang, J. L., Hu, K. H., & Zhang, W. G. (2013). The relationship between lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase production capacities and cultivation periods of mushrooms. Microbial biotechnology, 6(3), 241–247.
Zhao, X., Huang, X., Yao, J., Zhou, Y., and Jia, R. (2015). Fungal growth and manganese peroxidase production in a deep tray solid-state bioreactor, and in vitro decolorization of poly R-478 by MnP. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 25(6):803-813.
Anastasi, A., Vizzini, A., Prigione, V. and Varese, G.C. (2009) Wood degrading fungi: morphology, metabolism and environmental applications. In: Varma A, Chauhan AK (eds) A textbook of molecular biotechnology. I.K. International, New Delhi, pp 957–993
Antonín, V.,Ryoo, R. and Shin, H. (2008). Gerronemanemorale (Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes): anatomic-morphological, cultivational, enzymatic and molecular characteristics and its first records in the Republic of Korea. Czech Mycology, 60(2): 197–212
Asamudo, N.U., Daba, A.S. and Ezeronye, O.U. (2005). Bioremediation of textile effluent using Phanerochaetechrysosporium. African Journal of Biotechnology, 4(13):1548-1553
Boer, C. G., Obici, L., de Souza, C. G. M. and Peralta, R. M. (2004). Decolorization of synthetic dyes by solid state cultures of Lentinula (Lentinus) edodes producing manganese peroxidase as the main ligninolytic enzyme. Bioresource Technology, 94(2):107-112.
Chandra, R. and Chowdhary, P. (2015). Properties of bacterial laccases and their application in bioremediation of industrial wastes. Environmental Science Processes and Impacts, 17:326-342
Christian, V. V., Shrivastava, R., Novotný, C., and Vyas, B. R. M. (2003). Decolorization of sulfonphthalein dyes by manganese peroxidase activity of the white-rot fungus Phanerochaetechrysosporium. Folia Microbiologica, 48(6):771-774.
Dashtban, M., Schraft, H., Syed, T., A., and Qin, W. (2010). Fungal biodegradation and enzymatic modification of lignin. International Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1(1):36-50.
de la Rubia, T., Ruiz, E., Pérez, J., and Martínez, J. (2002). Properties of a laccase produced by Phanerochaeteflavido-alba induced by vanillin. Archives of Microbiology,179:70-73.
dos Santos Bazanella, G. C., de Souza, D. F., Castoldi, R., Oliveira, R. F., Bracht, A., and Peralta, R. M. (2013).Production of laccase and manganese peroxidase by Pleurotuspulmonarius in solid-state cultures and application in dye decolorization. Folia Microbiologica. 58(6), 641-647.
Eichlerová, I., Homolka, L., Lisá, L., and Nerud, F. (2005). Orange G and Remazol brilliant blue R decolorization by white rot fungi Dichomitussqualens, Ischnodermaresinosum and Pleurotuscalyptratus. Chemosphere, 60(3):398-404.
Fen, L., Xuwei, Z.,Nanyi, L.,Puyu, Z., Shuang, Z.,Xue, Z., Pengju, L., Qichao, Z., and Haiping, L. (2014) Screening of lignocellulose-degrading superior mushroom strains and determination of their CMCase and laccase activity, The Scientific World Journal, 2014:1-6
Glenn, J. K. and Gold, M. H. (1985). Purification and characterization of an extracellular Mn(II)-dependent peroxidase from the lignin-degrading basidiomycete, Phanerochaetechrysosporium.Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 242(2), 329-341.
Harazono, K., Watanabe, Y., and Nakamura, K. (2003). Decolorization of azo dye by the white-rot basidiomycete Phanerochaetesordida and by its manganese peroxidase. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 95(5), 455-495.
Hildén, K., Bortfeldt, R., Hofrichter, M., Hatakka, A., and Lundell, T. (2008). Molecular characterization of the basidiomycete isolate Nematolomafrowardii b19 and its manganese peroxidase places the fungus in the corticioid genus Phlebia. Microbiology,154:2371-2379.
Hoshino, F., Kajino, T., Sugiyama, H., Asami, O., and Takahashi, H. (2002). Thermally stable and hydrogen peroxide tolerant manganese peroxidase (MnP) from Lenzitesbetulinus. FEBS Letters, 530(1-3), 249-252.
Jayasekara, S.K., Kathirgamanathan, M and Ratnayake R.R. (2019). Isolation, identification and studying the potential application of tropical fungi in lignocellulolysis. In Research advances in the fungal world: Culture, isolation, identification, classification, characterization, properties and kinetics. Chaurasia, P.K. and Bharati, S.L. Nova Science Publisher, Inc, New York. Pp74
Kim, Y.K., Xiao, C.L. and Rogers, J.D. (2005). Influence of culture media and environmental factors on mycelial growth and pycnidial production of Sphaeropsispyriputrescens. Mycologia, 97(1):25-32
Lang, E., Nerud, F.andZadrazil, F. (1998). Production of ligninolytic enzymes by Pleurotus sp. and Dichomitussqualens in soil and lignocellulose substrate as influenced by soil microorganisms. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 167:239-244
Lankinen, P. V., Bonnen, A. M., Anton, L. H., Wood, D. A., Kalkkinen, N., Hatakka, A., and Thurston, C. F.(2001). Characteristics and N-terminal amino acid sequence of manganese peroxidase from solid substrate cultures of Agaricusbisporus, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 55(2):170-176.
Lisov, A. V., Leontievsky, A. A., and Golovleva, L. A. (2003). Hybrid Mn-peroxidase from the ligninolytic fungus Panustigrinus 8/18. Isolation, substrate specificity, and catalytic cycle. Biochemistry (Moscow), 68(9):1027-1035.
Magaldi, S., Mata-Essayag, S, Hartung, D.C., Perez, C, Colella, M.T., Carolina, O amdYudith, O. (2004). Well diffusion for antifungal susceptibility testing. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 8:39-45
Mester, T. and Field, J. A. (1997). Optimization of manganese peroxidase production by the white rot fungus Bjerkandera sp. strain BOS55. FEMS Microbiology Letters,155(2):161-168.
Novotný, C., Svobodová, K., Erbanová, P., Cajthaml, T., Kasinath, A., Lang, E., and Šašek, V. (2004). Lignolytic fungi in bioremediation: Extracellular enzyme production and degradation rate. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 36(10):1545-1551.
Okhuoya, J., Akpaja, E., Osemwegie, O.,Oghenekaro, A. and Ihayere, C. (2010). Nigerian mushrooms: Underutilized non-wood forest resources. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 14(1):43-54
Onyango, B.O., Palapala, V.A., Arama, P.F., Wagai, S.O., and Gichimu, B. M. (2011). Morphological characyersitics of Kenyan native wood ear mushroom (Auricularia auricula L.ex Hook) and the effect of supplemented millet and sorghum grains in spawn production. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America. 2(3):407-414
Palma, C., Martínez, A. T., Lema, J. M., and Martínez, M. J. (2000). Different fungal manganese-oxidizing peroxidases: A comparison between Bjerkandera sp. and Phanerochaetechrysosporium.Journal of Biotechnology, 77(2-3), 235-245.
Patricia, L.O., Marta, C.T.D., Alexandre, N.P and Lucia, R.D. (2009). Purification and partial characterization of manganese peroxidase from Bacillus pumilusand Paenibacillus. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 40:4
Petre, C.V.,Balaes, T., and Tanase,C. (2014).Lignicolous basidiomycetes as valuable biotechnologicalagents. Memoirs of the Scientific Sections of the Romanian Academy, 37: 37–62.
Placido,J. and Capareda,S. (2015). Ligninolytic enzymes: a biotechnological alternative for bioethanol production, Bioresources and Bioprocessing, 2:1–12.
Shin, K.S., Kim, Y.H., and Lim, J.S. (2005). Purification and characterization of manganese peroxidase of the white-rot fungus Irpexlacteus. Journal of Microbiology, 43:503–509.
Singh, D., Zeng, J. and Chen, S. (2011). Increasing manganese peroxidase productivity of Phanerochaetechrysosporium by optimizing carbon sources and supplementing small molecules. Letters in Applied Microbiology,53:120–123.
Tibukha, D.D. (2012) Termitomyces species from Tanzania, their cultural properties and unequalledBasidiospores, Journal of Biology and Life Science., 3(1):140–159.
Van Aken, B., and Agathos, S. (2002). Implication of manganese (III), oxalate, and oxygen in the degradation of nitroaromatic compounds by manganese peroxidase (MnP). Applied. Microbiology and Biotechnology, 58(3):345-351.
Vasina, D. V., Moiseenko, K. V., Fedorova, T. V., and Tyazhelova, T. V. (2017). Lignin-degrading peroxidases in white-rot fungus Trameteshirsuta 072. Absolute expression quantification of full multigene family. PLoS ONE 12(3).
Wang, X., Yao, B., and Su, X. (2018). Linking enzymatic oxidative degradation of lignin to organics detoxification. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(11), 3373-3389.
Xu, J. Z., Zhang, J. L., Hu, K. H., & Zhang, W. G. (2013). The relationship between lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase production capacities and cultivation periods of mushrooms. Microbial biotechnology, 6(3), 241–247.
Zhao, X., Huang, X., Yao, J., Zhou, Y., and Jia, R. (2015). Fungal growth and manganese peroxidase production in a deep tray solid-state bioreactor, and in vitro decolorization of poly R-478 by MnP. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 25(6):803-813.