Malaria Prevalence and Use of Insecticide-Treated Net among Community Members in Aguleri, Anambra State, Nigeria
Main Article Content
Abstract
A study on malaria prevalence and use of Insecticide-treated nets (ITN) was carried out in Aguleri community of Anambra State from October 2011-March 2012. A two stage cluster sampling technique was used to select three villages and the individuals used for the study. Giemsa stained thick and thin blood samples of 327 individuals were examined microscopically for malaria parasites. Structured questionnaires to ascertain ownership and use of ITNs were administered to individuals sampled for malaria parasites. Malaria prevalence was found to be 67.0% (219/327) and all were infections with Plasmodium falciparum. Knowledge of existence of ITN among the sampled population was 100%, ownership 74.0% (242/ 327) and usage 26.9% (65/242). Malaria prevalence among ITN users and non-users was 44.6% (29/65) and 72.5% (190/262) respectively. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). This result showed that ITN could be effective in the control of malaria even in the face of low level of usage.
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Egbuche, C. M., Eneanya, C. I., Ogbuagu, C. N., & Ezugbo-Nwobi , I. K. (2013). Malaria Prevalence and Use of Insecticide-Treated Net among Community Members in Aguleri, Anambra State, Nigeria . The Bioscientist Journal, 1(1), 60-66. Retrieved from https://bioscientistjournal.com/index.php/The_Bioscientist/article/view/17
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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WHO (2006). Malaria in Africa. Roll Back Malaria info sheet. World Health Organization Geneva .
WHO (2010). World Health Organization. World Malaria Report 2010, Geneva; WHO/HTM/GMP/2010.1.
Cheesbrough, M. (2006). Parasitological tests. District laboratory practice in tropical countries; part 1. University press, Cambridge, Pp 239-258.
Cochran, W.G. (1999). Sampling Techniques. 3rd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, London, pp. 72-82.
Coker, H.A.B., Chukwuani, C.M., Ifudu, H.D. and Aina, B.A. (2001). The malaria scourge. Concepts in disease management. Nigerian Journal of pharmacy; 32: 19- 48.
Curtis, C.F., Jana-Kara, B. and Maxwell, C.A. (2003). Insecticide treated nets: impact on vector populations and relevance of initial intensity of transmission and pyrethroid resistance. Journal of Vector Borne Diseases; 40:
1-8..
Edelu, B.O., Ikefuna, A.N., Emodi, J.I. and Adimora, G.N. (2010). Awareness and use of insecticide-treated bed nets among children attending outpatient clinic at UNTH, Enugu; the need for an effective mobilization process. African Health Sciences; 10(2): 117 – 119.
Goodman, C.A., Coleman, P.G. and Mills, A.J. (1999). Cost-effectiveness of malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa. Lancet; 354: 378-385.
Ilozumba P. C. O. and Uzozie C. R. (2009). Prevalence Of Malaria Parasitaemia and Its Association With ABO Blood Group In Odoakpu Area Of Onitsha South Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria. Nigerian Annals of Natural Sciences, Volume
8(2): 1 – 8
Iyaniwura, C.A., Ariba, A. and RunseweAbiodun, T. (2008). Knowledge, use and promotion of insecticide treated nets by health workers in a suburban town in southwestern Nigeria. Nig J Clin Pract; 11: 149-54.
Lengeler, C. (2004). Insecticide-treated bed nets and curtains for preventing malaria. Cochrane Database
Systematic Reviews; 2: CD000363
National Institute for Allergy and infectious disease (NIAID) (2008). Malaria Prevention and control strategies. NIAID Research Agenda for Malaria; Pp 9-11.
National Population Commission, 1996.
Nevill, C.G., Some, E.S., Mung’ala, V.O., Mutemi,W., New, L., Marsh, K., Lengeler, C. and Snow, R.W. (1996). Insecticide-treated bednets reduce mortality and severe morbidity from malaria among children on the Kenyan coast. Tropical Medicine and
International Health; 1: 139–146.
Nwankwo, B. O. and Okafor, O. J. (2009). Effectiveness of Insecticide-Treated Bednets (ITNs) in Malaria Prevention among Children Aged 6 Months to 5 Years in a Rural Community in Imo State, Nigeria. International Journal of Tropical Medicine; 4(1): 41-49.
Obiukwu, M.O and Okwuonu, E.S (2008). Prevalence of malaria and its effects on socio-economic development as well as management practices adopted in Abba, Njikoka LGA, Anambra State. 32nd Annual conference of
Parasitology and Public Health Society of Nigeria. Abstract Number 63.
Okocha, E. C., Ibeh, C.C., Ele, P. U. and Ibeh, N. C. (2005). The prevalence of malaria parasitaemia in blood donors in a Nigerian teaching hospital. Journal of Vector Borne Diseases; 42:
21–24.
Onwujekwe, O.E., Chima, R.I. and Okonkwo, P.O. (2000). Economic burden of malaria illness versus that of a combination of all other illnesses: A study in five malaria holo-endemic communities. Health Policy; 54:143159.
Onyido, A.E., Obi, N.C., Umeanaeto, P.U., Obiukwu, M.O. and Egbuche, C.M. (2011). Malaria prevalence and indoor bitting mosquito vector abundance in Ogbunike, Oyi LGA, Anambra State.
African Research Review; 5(3): 1-13.
Opara, K.N., Nwoke, E.A., Abanobi, C.O., Onwuliri, C.O.E. and Iwuala, C. (2010). Perception about malaria; mosquito and Insecticide treatednets in rural communities in Imo State Nigeria. 34th Annual conference of Parasitology and Public Health Society of Nigeria. Abstract number 17.
Phillips-Howard, P.A., Nahlen, B.L., Kolczak, M.S., Hightower, A.W., ter Kuile, F.O., Alaii, J.A., Gimnig, J.E., Arudo, J., Vulule, J.M., Odhacha, A., Kachur, S.P., Schoute, E., Rosen, D.H., Sexton, J.D., Oloo, A.J. and Hawley, W.A. (2003). Efficacy of permethrin-treated bed nets in the prevention of mortality in young children in an area of high perennial malaria transmission in western Kenya. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene; 68 (4): 23–29.
Schellenberg, J.R., Abdulla, S., Nathan, R.,
Mukasa, O., Marchant, T.J.,
Kikumbih, N., Mushi, A.K., Mponda, H., Minja, H., Mshinda, H., Tanner, M. and Lengeler, C. (2001). Effect of large-scale social marketing of insecticide-treated nets on child survival in rural Tanzania. Lancet; 357: 1241–1247.
Ter-Kuile, F.O., Terlouw, D.J., Phillips-
Howard, P.A., Hawley, W.A.,
Friedman, J.F., Kolczak, M.S.,
Kariuki, S.K., Shi, Y.P., Kwena, A.M., Vulule, J.M. and Nahlen, B.L. (2003). Impact Of Permethrin-Treated
Bed Nets On Malaria And All-Cause Morbidity In Young Children In An Area Of Intense Perennial Malaria Transmission In Western Kenya: Cross-Sectional Survey. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene; 68(4): 100-107.
Thwing, J., Hochberg, N., Vanden-Eng, J., Issifi, S., Eliades, M.J., Minkoulou, E., Wolkon, A., Gado, H., Ibrahim, O., Newman, R.D. and Lama, M. (2008). Insecticide-treated net ownership and usage in Niger after a nationwide integrated campaign. Tropical Medicine and International Health 2008; 13:827-34.
Tobin-West, C.I. and Alex-Hart, B.A. (2011). Insecticide-treated bednet ownership and utilization in Rivers State, Nigeria before a state-wide net distribution campaign. Journal of Vector Borne Diseases; 48: 133–137
WHO (2002). Malaria entomology and vector control. Learners guide, social mobilization and training. Available at www.malaria.org.zw /vector/vc24.pdf.
WHO (2006). Malaria in Africa. Roll Back Malaria info sheet. World Health Organization Geneva .
WHO (2010). World Health Organization. World Malaria Report 2010, Geneva; WHO/HTM/GMP/2010.1.